If you have suffered a concussion from a traffic accident or other injury, you will likely recover quickly and fully. But for some, the symptoms can last for days, weeks or longer and may require immediate medical attention.
In general, recovery may be slower among older adults, young children, and teens, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Those who have had a concussion in the past are also at risk of having another one and may find that it takes longer to recover if they have another concussion.
Symptoms of concussion usually fall into four categories:
Difficulty thinking and remembering
Physical issues like headache, nausea, balance problems, feeling tired, sensitivity to light and fuzzy vision
Emotional issues like sadness, irritability or nervousness
Sleep issues like lack of sleep, too much sleep or trouble falling asleep.
Some of these symptoms may appear right away, while others may not be noticed for days or months after the injury, or until the person starts resuming their everyday life and more demands are placed upon them. Sometimes, people do not recognize or admit that they are having problems. Others may not understand why they are having problems and what their problems really are, which can make them nervous and upset.
The signs and symptoms of a concussion can be difficult to sort out. Early on, problems may be missed by the person with the concussion, family members, or doctors. People may look fine even though they are acting or feeling differently.
Danger Signs in Adults
In rare cases, a dangerous blood clot may form on the brain in a person with a concussion and crowd the brain against the skull. Contact your health care professional or emergency department right away if you observe any of the following danger signs after a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body:
Headache that gets worse and does not go away.
Weakness, numbness or decreased coordination.
Repeated vomiting or nausea.
Slurred speech.
If a person is experiencing any of these symptoms, they should be taken to the emergency department right away:
Look very drowsy or cannot be awakened.
Have one pupil (the black part in the middle of the eye) larger than the other.
Have convulsions or seizures.
Cannot recognize people or places.
Are getting more and more confused, restless, or agitated.
Have unusual behavior.
Lose consciousness.
Danger Signs in Children
Take your child to the emergency department right away if they received a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body, and:
Have any of the danger signs for adults listed above.